CDC Reports Increase in Overdose Deaths With Carfentanil Detected

Reports reveal a startling rise in overdose deaths with carfentanil detected, underscoring the growing risks of these potent and illegally manufactured drugs.

At a Glance

Carfentanil is 100 times stronger than fentanyl.
CDC reports a sevenfold increase in carfentanil-related deaths.
Carfentanil was made for tranquilizing large animals and poses threats due to its potency.
86.9% of carfentanil-related deaths involved other illegally manufactured fentanyls.

The Rise of Carfentanil

Carfentanil, a highly potent synthetic opioid, is being detected in an increased number of overdose deaths. According to a CDC report, carfentanil-related deaths surged from 29 in early 2023 to 238 in the first half of 2024. This opioid, originally developed to tranquilize large animals such as elephants, is not only 100 times stronger than fentanyl but is also often mixed with other illicit drugs, enhancing its deadly potential.

The appearance of carfentanil in the illicit drug market dates back to the mid-2010s, contributing significantly to overdose deaths in 2016-2017, before its decline in 2018. Its resurgence, co-detected with other illegal fentanyls, is becoming a prevalent issue, with 86.9% of carfentanil-related deaths also involving other illegally manufactured fentanyls. The CDC’s report indicates a geographical spread, with 37 states reporting carfentanil overdoses, predominantly east of the Mississippi River.

The Dangers of Carfentanil

The dangers posed by carfentanil extend beyond its street-level distributions. Its sheer potency—a mere 2 milligrams could be lethal—poses significant risks to both users and first responders. When inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin, it can rapidly induce overdose symptoms such as slowed breathing, which might result in brain damage or death. Even Narcan, commonly used for opioid overdoses, may be ineffective in severe cases.

“This drug is so powerful it poses a significant threat to first responders and law enforcement personnel who touch it by accident. In addition, people can overdose on carfentanil quickly. Multiple doses of the anti-overdose drug Narcan may not be effective,” the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) said.

Illegally manufactured carfentanil often masquerades as fentanyl or heroin, causing unknowingly high doses among users. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) warns of its extreme potency and advises immediate medical attention following suspected exposure. Officials emphasize the importance of robust overdose prevention strategies, like naloxone distribution, alongside educating the public about counterfeit substances and the hidden dangers within.

Future Implications and Responses

There has been limited progress seen in tackling overall drug overdose deaths in the U.S., which showed a slight decrease in 2023. Health officials call for expanded efforts in overdose prevention and increased awareness of the significant threats posed by drugs like carfentanil.

“Recent sharp increases in overdose deaths with carfentanil detected, although rare, highlight the ever-changing illegal drug supply and threaten progress in reducing overdose deaths,” CDC officials reportedly said.

The growing prevalence of carfentanil on the streets—often mistaken for heroin—demands heightened vigilance from both law enforcement and the general public. As the nation grapples with this opioid crisis, understanding the potent threat carfentanil represents could be critical in forming effective strategies to counter its deadly impact.